HL course

Chemistry HL

Chemistry HL practice for deeper structure, energetics, kinetics, equilibrium, acids, redox, organic pathways, and explanation.

Guided practice pathways

Assessment routes built from the live skills in this course. Each pathway moves from the first decision students need to make toward the kind of source use, calculation, writing, or judgement that costs marks in real assessment.

Science route

Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter

Start with the model or data, then practise calculation, graph interpretation, uncertainty, and explanation.

  1. Analyse atomic orbitals and electron configuration exceptions Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  2. Interpret mass spectra and isotope patterns Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  3. Use successive ionization energies Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  4. Apply ideal gas and real gas reasoning Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback

A complete route ties the answer to evidence, units, and experimental reasoning.

Start pathway
Science route

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure

Start with the model or data, then practise calculation, graph interpretation, uncertainty, and explanation.

  1. Explain resonance and formal charge in Lewis models Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  2. Use hybridization and sigma pi bonding Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  3. Compare lattice enthalpy and ionic radii Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  4. Analyse bonding in complex ions and transition metal species Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback

A complete route ties the answer to evidence, units, and experimental reasoning.

Start pathway
Science route

Structure 3. Classification of matter

Start with the model or data, then practise calculation, graph interpretation, uncertainty, and explanation.

  1. Explain first-row transition metal properties Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  2. Analyse complex ion colour and ligand exchange Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  3. Interpret infrared and mass spectral data Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  4. Interpret proton NMR spectra for organic structure Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback

A complete route ties the answer to evidence, units, and experimental reasoning.

Start pathway
Science route

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?

Start with the model or data, then practise calculation, graph interpretation, uncertainty, and explanation.

  1. Use formation and combustion enthalpy data Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  2. Interpret Born Haber cycles for ionic compounds Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  3. Use Gibbs energy to predict spontaneity Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  4. Connect Gibbs energy with equilibrium constants Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback

A complete route ties the answer to evidence, units, and experimental reasoning.

Start pathway
Science route

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?

Start with the model or data, then practise calculation, graph interpretation, uncertainty, and explanation.

  1. Derive and use rate expressions Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  2. Apply Arrhenius equation and activation energy Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  3. Solve multi-step equilibrium and ICE-table problems Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  4. Apply solubility product and precipitation reasoning Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback

A complete route ties the answer to evidence, units, and experimental reasoning.

Start pathway
Science route

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?

Start with the model or data, then practise calculation, graph interpretation, uncertainty, and explanation.

  1. Balance complex redox equations using half-equations Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  2. Explain nucleophilic substitution mechanisms Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  3. Analyse organic synthesis pathways Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback
  4. Evaluate IA-style chemistry methodology and validity Build · 75 variants · visual · AI feedback

A complete route ties the answer to evidence, units, and experimental reasoning.

Start pathway

Topics

Choose a topic to see the skills you can practise. Start with the area your class is studying now, or use the list to find weaker topics before a test or exam.

Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter Chemistry syllabus topic from the 2025 structure/reactivity roadmap. Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure Chemistry syllabus topic from the 2025 structure/reactivity roadmap. Structure 3. Classification of matter Chemistry syllabus topic from the 2025 structure/reactivity roadmap. Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions? Chemistry syllabus topic from the 2025 structure/reactivity roadmap. Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far? Chemistry syllabus topic from the 2025 structure/reactivity roadmap. Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change? Chemistry syllabus topic from the 2025 structure/reactivity roadmap.